1. Definition Ketoprak
Ketoprak is a traditional drama performed by a group of art and deployment at a stage to take account of the history, stories banner, fairy tales and the other with comedy interspersed. Ketoprak ± appeared in 1922 during the Mangkunegaran. This art of gamelan musical accompaniment in the form of mortar, pestle, drums and flutes. Because the story or rhyme-poem is an allusion to the Government of the Kingdom of the art Ketoprak or banned. But folk art is ultimately still growing in rural / coastal. After arriving in Yogyakarta Ketoprak enhanced with Javanese gamelan accompaniment complete with story theme taking chronicle the history, folklore or your own empire. Ketoprak is done by several persons in accordance with the purposes of the story.
The hallmark of this Ketoprak done with the Java language dialog. The theme of the story in a show kethoprak manifold. Usually taken from legend or history of Java. Many also taken stories from abroad. But the theme of the story is never taken out of the repertoire of the epic story (epic): Ramayana and Mahabharata. For later performances but not Ketoprak longer be a puppet show people.
2. History Ketoprak
Ketoprak is one of dozens of traditional arts can still survive today. This art was born around 1920 in Solo, but peaked in Yogyakarta in about the 1950s.
Ketoprak originally a folk entertainment created by someone outside the kingdom. They set the stage and pretended to be a king, warrior, prince, princess, and whoever they want. On development, entertainment Ketoprak also in demand by members of the kingdom, and in every appearance is always a comedian who makes Ketoprak feel more alive.
Art in the presentation or the play using the Java language has a diverse and interesting story. Similar to the theater, the show is filled with dialogues that bring the audience feel the atmosphere of the "world" of Java during the Kings power.
The story is taken from anywhere, either from the history of Java to tales of fantasy. His appearance is always accompanied by songs of Java inserted in some parts of the story, so it can also be said Ketoprak on the one hand is similar to operetta. Costume and makeup adjusts to the scene or play.
At first, the accompaniment sound Ketoprak use a mortar and pestle used as a rice pestle. These tools create noise: crunch, crunch, crunch, which is the origin of the word kethoprak. But this time the story Ketoprak accompanied by gamelan rhythms and keprak incessant. This is very interesting and enjoyable, especially when it is a show presented Ketoprak meng`ngkat humor stories that invite laughter.
3. Types Ketoprak
Some types Ketoprak among others:
· Ketoprak Dimples
As the name implies, musical instruments used in this Ketoprak comprised of dimples, drums, fly and flute. The stories presented are folk tales that revolves around the life in Pademangan - Pademangan, when the village headman discuss pest control that has engulfed their village or stories about Pak Tani and Tani mBok in processing their fields.
Therefore costume also used like state their day to day as the rural population, coupled with a bit of make-up that is both realist.
Dimples Ketoprak needed to perform support as much as ± 22, which is 15 for players (men and women) and 7 as a musician. In this show is not known any particular singer or waranggana. To accompany vocal music performed jointly by both musician and performer.
Dimples Ketoprak show this using the form arena stage with a circular floor design. Until now Ketoprak Dimples there still maintaining lighting equipment such as torches, but there are also performances Ketoprak Dimples are using lights.
One difference Ketoprak Mortar with Ketoprak Gamelan is the element of dance. At the time of entry or exit stage or other activities Ketoprak players Dimples doing dances are improvised.
Dimples long Ketoprak performance depends on the needs. When asked to play all night and half the night Ketoprak players will adjust to take the play is right for it, but with a note that the show is only done at night.
· Ketoprak Gamelan
Although a further development Ketoprak Dimples but function Ketoprak Gamelan performance has not changed, namely as entertainment for the community, which sometimes slipped illumination light from the government to them.
Only stories that are played in this Gamelan Ketoprak more taken from the Chronicle story about empires that ever existed, particularly in Java. Ketoprak required to perform a supporter of approximately 34 players, gamelan, waranggana, and puppeteer.
Long performances for each staging reach 7 to 8 hours, and can be carried out both day and night. In this Ketoprak performances of the actors are usually guided by short texts created by puppeteer. This text only contains guidelines on the scene of what should be displayed from the core and stories are staged. Dialogue, blocking and other games in the stage entirely performed by the player in improvisation. This Ketoprak use the instrument in the form of a complete Javanese gamelan pelog and slendro, or slendro only.
The players Ketoprak wear costumes and makeup that is realistic in accordance with the role and the time when they appear. Place in the form of stage performances shaped stage with decorations (background) that is both realist (in accordance with the scene, for example in the forest, in the palace and others). Likewise, spoken dialogue players.
Ketoprak Gamelan can be regarded as a traditional drama which usually take the story of empires past. Before the main game Ketoprak starts, usually served first extra performances in the form of dance that has nothing to do with the story to be played.
4. Modernization Ketoprak
Along the development era, traditional cultures should be able to compromise and adapt to today so that they can survive. Is intended that the modernization of traditional Indonesian culture was not extinct. Some impressions on television that managed to maintain a culture of Ketoprak is Ketoprak Humor, Ketoprak Canda, Ketoprak Charms Stress and Ketoprak a play. Television images above have been modified so that they can adapt to the present, but do not lose their essence as traditional culture.
According to data from Survey Research Indonesia, one of the rating agencies television shows, late June 2000, rating (ratings) Ketoprak Canda 5. That is, the show was watched by 5% of the number of viewers in several cities surveyed. While Ketoprak Humor collect rating 9. From the figures above, we can see that the modernization Ketoprak in Indonesia is quite successful.
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